Key Questions

KEY UNIT: Medicine	KEY QUESTIONS	AREAS IN MORE DETAIL
Unit 1: Prehistoric Times	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	The nature of the evidence, its values and its problems; beliefs in spirits and the treatments used by medicine men; practical knowledge and resulting treatments.
Unit 2: Ancient Egypt	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	The development of Egyptian civilisation and its impact on medicine; the co-existence in Egyptian society of spiritual and natural beliefs and treatments; developments in the understanding of physiology, anatomy and the causes of disease; Egyptian hygiene.
Unit 3: Ancient Greece	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	Asclepios and temple medicine; the theory of the four humours and resulting treatments; Hippocrates and the clinical method of observation; health and hygiene; developments in knowledge of anatomy and surgery at Alexandria.
Unit 4: Ancient Rome END OF UNIT TEST :Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	Roman medicine and Greek ideas and doctors; the Romans and public health; Galen’s ideas about physiology, anatomy and treatment.
Unit 5: The Middle Ages	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	The impact of the collapse of the Roman Empire on medicine; the impact of Christianity and Islam on medicine; the reasons for the acceptance of Galenic medicine; the continuance of supernatural beliefs and treatments; developments in surgery; living conditions and health and hygiene; domestic medicine, childbirth, the role of women; hospitals and caring for the ill.
Unit 6: The Renaissance END OF UNIT TEST:Medieval andRenaissance Medicine	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	The rebirth of Greek ideas of careful observation of nature; Vesalius and advances in knowledge of anatomy; Pare and developments in surgery; Harvey and developments in physiology; the extent of the impact of these developments on the medical treatment of the majority of the population; the growth of a medical profession and the reduced role of women in medical care; inoculation, and Jenner and vaccination.
Unit 7: Nineteenth and twentieth centuries END OF UNIT TEST:Eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries	· What caused people to be healthy or unhealthy? · What ideas did people have about the causes and treatment of illness and injuries? · Who provided medical care? · What caused diagnoses and treatments to remain the same or to change? · How far did new ideas and treatments affect the majority of the population?	A) Fighting Disease:Pasteur and the development of the germ theory of disease; Koch and developments in bacteriology; developments in drugs and vaccines; the development of penicillin; the battle against infectious and non-infectious disease today; the development of hospitals and caring for the ill, including the contributions of Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole. B) SurgeryDevelopments in anaesthetics and antiseptics, including the work of Simpson and Lister; developments in blood transfusion; modern surgery – transplanting organs and plastic surgery. C) Public healthThe impact of industrialisation on living conditions and health and hygiene; the development of public health systems; the reforms of the Liberal governments, 1906-1914; the introduction and impact of the national Health Service; the continuing debate about the provision of health care.